Which of the following refers to “budget slack”?
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1 .Which of the following are benefits of using activity based costing? (1) It recognises that overhead costs are not always driven by the volume of production.(2) It does not result in under or over absorption of fixed overheads.(3) It avoids all arbitrary cost apportionments.(4) It is particularly useful in single product businesses.
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1 and 4 only
2 .The following statements relate to life-cycle costing:(i) It helps forecast a product’s profitability over its entire life.(ii) It takes into account a product’s total costs over its entire life.(iii) It focuses on the production of monthly profit statements throughout a product’s entire life.Which of the statements are true?
A (i) only B (i) and (ii) only C (i) and (iii) only D (i), (ii) and (iii)
3 .Which of the following replaces cost centres when activity based costing is used?
A Cost drivers B Budget centres C Cost pools D Cost absorption
4 .There are a number of benefits associated with budgeting. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of the budget process?
A Budgets eliminate the opportunity for slack or padding in an organization B Budgets help ensure that long-term goals are achieved C Budgets are useful tools in performance evaluation D Budgets can help identify production bottlenecks
5 .The following statements relate to the participation of junior management in the budget setting process:(i) It speeds up the budget setting process.(ii) It increases their commitment to budgets(iii) It incorporates their knowledge into budgets.(iv) It improves their morale and motivation.Which of the statements are true?
A (i), (ii) and (iii) B (i), (ii) and (iv) C (ii), (iii) and (iv) D (ii) and (iii) only
7 .Which of the following are involved in the planning and control cycle? (1) The identification of alternative courses of action.(2) The preparation of annual budgets.(3) Responding to differences between actual and planned performance.
A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3
8 .Which of the following factors is least likely to motivate managers to achieve higher levels of performance?
A A reward system B A top-down approach to budgeting C A non-accounting style of management D Setting targets higher than intended achievement
9 .The following statements relate to managerial incentive schemes:(1) The primary objective of a reward scheme is to motivate managers to achieve organisational objectives.(2) A good reward scheme is which is objective, unbiased and consistently applied.(3) All rewards are tangible and have a monetary value.Which statements are true?
A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3
10 .Which of the following are types of incentive schemes?(1) Profit-related pay schemes(2) Share option schemes(3) Retirement benefit schemes(4) Individual bonuses.
A 1, 2 and 3 only B 1, 2 and 4 only C 1, 3 and 4 only D 2, 3 and 4 only
