school Some children do not like school. So what else is new? But in Japan that familiar aversion has reached alarming proportions. About 50,000 unhappy youngsters a year （out of a total school-age population of 20 million）suffer what Japanese behavioral experts call school phobia. School phobia is distinguished from other common childhood and adolescent psychological and emotional disorders by the patient’s reaction to, and fear of, the idea of going to school. Typically, it begins with fever, sweating, headaches, and diarrhoea; it often progresses to complete physical inertia, depression, and even autism. A doctor on a house call found a thirteen-year-old Tokyo boy who had not been to school in more than a year. He lives in a darkened room receiving his food through a slot under the door and lashing out violently at his parents if they came too close. Once the boy was placed in a psychiatric ward for treatment, he again became an open, seemingly healthy youngster. When he was sent home, however, his symptoms returned, and he was never able to go back to school. School phobia can be cured, usually with tranquilizers and psychotherapy. Rehabilitation takes about two years. Yet victims who are put in clinics or mental wards often prefer to stay there. Their day is filled with activities like knitting, painting, music, free time, and sports. Nurses try to create a familiar environment in which the children can feel that they are taking a certain amount of responsibility for their lives and can find some sense of self-worth. The causes of school phobia are not precisely known. In a few severe cases brain disorders have been diagnosed. A more common factor may be the overprotective Japanese mother who, some psychiatrists say, leaves her children ill-prepared to face the real world. Many researchers point to the unrelenting pressures for success faced by both children and adults in Japan, where stress-related disorders of all sorts are common. In addition, the Japanese educational system is one of the world’s most rigid, suppressing a child’s individual creative and *ytical development. Says Dr. Hitoshi Ishikawa, head of the department of psychosomatic medicine at Tokyo University, “the problem won’t be cured until Japanese society as a whole is cured of its deep-rooted social ills.” From the last paragraph, we know that the causes of school phobia ______.

1 .children About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table, I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked: “So, how have you been?” And the boy—who could not have been more than seven or eight years old—replied. “Frankly, I’ve been feeling a little depressed lately.” This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depressed” until we were in high school. The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to. Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists. Why? Human development is based not only on innate biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from one social role to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders. In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation machine has been installed to 98 percent of American homes. It is called television. Television passes information, and indiscriminately, to all viewers alike, be they children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures. Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practices. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials. What does the author think of the change in today’s children?

A He feels amused by chair premature behavior B He thinks it is a phenomenon worthy of note C He considers it a positive development D He seems to be upset about it

题型: 单选题 提问时间: 2021-08-25

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2 .school Some children do not like school. So what else is new? But in Japan that familiar aversion has reached alarming proportions. About 50,000 unhappy youngsters a year （out of a total school-age population of 20 million）suffer what Japanese behavioral experts call school phobia. School phobia is distinguished from other common childhood and adolescent psychological and emotional disorders by the patient’s reaction to, and fear of, the idea of going to school. Typically, it begins with fever, sweating, headaches, and diarrhoea; it often progresses to complete physical inertia, depression, and even autism. A doctor on a house call found a thirteen-year-old Tokyo boy who had not been to school in more than a year. He lives in a darkened room receiving his food through a slot under the door and lashing out violently at his parents if they came too close. Once the boy was placed in a psychiatric ward for treatment, he again became an open, seemingly healthy youngster. When he was sent home, however, his symptoms returned, and he was never able to go back to school. School phobia can be cured, usually with tranquilizers and psychotherapy. Rehabilitation takes about two years. Yet victims who are put in clinics or mental wards often prefer to stay there. Their day is filled with activities like knitting, painting, music, free time, and sports. Nurses try to create a familiar environment in which the children can feel that they are taking a certain amount of responsibility for their lives and can find some sense of self-worth. The causes of school phobia are not precisely known. In a few severe cases brain disorders have been diagnosed. A more common factor may be the overprotective Japanese mother who, some psychiatrists say, leaves her children ill-prepared to face the real world. Many researchers point to the unrelenting pressures for success faced by both children and adults in Japan, where stress-related disorders of all sorts are common. In addition, the Japanese educational system is one of the world’s most rigid, suppressing a child’s individual creative and analytical development. Says Dr. Hitoshi Ishikawa, head of the department of psychosomatic medicine at Tokyo University, “the problem won’t be cured until Japanese society as a whole is cured of its deep-rooted social ills.” The author chooses to write about school phobia because ______.

A It is something new in Japan B Most children have developed the disease C Its symptoms are not easily perceptible D An alarming proportion of Japanese children suffer from it

题型: 单选题 提问时间: 2021-08-25

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3 .writer Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that there’s a big difference between “being a writer’ and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of wealth and fame, not the long hour alone at a typewriter. “You’ve got to want to write,” I say to them, “not want to be a writer”. The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. When I left a 20-year career in the U.S. Coast Guard to become a freelance (自由栏目) writer, I had no prospects at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didn’t even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and felt like a genuine writer. After a year or so, however, I still hadn’t gotten a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story that I barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write, I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn’t going to be one of those people who die wondering: What if? I would keep putting my dream to the test even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is the shadowland of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there. The passage is meant to ______.

A warn young people of the hardships that a successful writer has to experience B advise young people to give up their idea of becoming a professional writer C show young people it’s unrealistic for a writer to pursue wealth and fame D encourage young people to pursue a writing career

题型: 单选题 提问时间: 2021-08-25

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4 .school Some children do not like school. So what else is new? But in Japan that familiar aversion has reached alarming proportions. About 50,000 unhappy youngsters a year （out of a total school-age population of 20 million）suffer what Japanese behavioral experts call school phobia. School phobia is distinguished from other common childhood and adolescent psychological and emotional disorders by the patient’s reaction to, and fear of, the idea of going to school. Typically, it begins with fever, sweating, headaches, and diarrhoea; it often progresses to complete physical inertia, depression, and even autism. A doctor on a house call found a thirteen-year-old Tokyo boy who had not been to school in more than a year. He lives in a darkened room receiving his food through a slot under the door and lashing out violently at his parents if they came too close. Once the boy was placed in a psychiatric ward for treatment, he again became an open, seemingly healthy youngster. When he was sent home, however, his symptoms returned, and he was never able to go back to school. School phobia can be cured, usually with tranquilizers and psychotherapy. Rehabilitation takes about two years. Yet victims who are put in clinics or mental wards often prefer to stay there. Their day is filled with activities like knitting, painting, music, free time, and sports. Nurses try to create a familiar environment in which the children can feel that they are taking a certain amount of responsibility for their lives and can find some sense of self-worth. The causes of school phobia are not precisely known. In a few severe cases brain disorders have been diagnosed. A more common factor may be the overprotective Japanese mother who, some psychiatrists say, leaves her children ill-prepared to face the real world. Many researchers point to the unrelenting pressures for success faced by both children and adults in Japan, where stress-related disorders of all sorts are common. In addition, the Japanese educational system is one of the world’s most rigid, suppressing a child’s individual creative and analytical development. Says Dr. Hitoshi Ishikawa, head of the department of psychosomatic medicine at Tokyo University, “the problem won’t be cured until Japanese society as a whole is cured of its deep-rooted social ills.” Which of the following is the purpose of the second paragraph?

A To show that school phobia can be cured B To suggest a way to deal with school phobia C To describe the behavior of school phobia victims. D To present a typical case of school phobia

题型: 单选题 提问时间: 2021-08-25

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5 .writer Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that there’s a big difference between “being a writer’ and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of wealth and fame, not the long hour alone at a typewriter. “You’ve got to want to write,” I say to them, “not want to be a writer”. The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. When I left a 20-year career in the U.S. Coast Guard to become a freelance (自由栏目) writer, I had no prospects at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didn’t even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and felt like a genuine writer. After a year or so, however, I still hadn’t gotten a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story that I barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write, I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn’t going to be one of those people who die wondering: What if? I would keep putting my dream to the test even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is the shadowland of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there. What can be concluded from the passage?

A Genuine writers often find their work interesting and rewarding. B A writer’s success depends on luck rather than on efforts. C Famous writers usually live in poverty and isolation. D The chances for writer to become successful are small

题型: 单选题 提问时间: 2021-08-25

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7 .writer Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that there’s a big difference between “being a writer’ and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of wealth and fame, not the long hour alone at a typewriter. “You’ve got to want to write,” I say to them, “not want to be a writer”. The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. When I left a 20-year career in the U.S. Coast Guard to become a freelance (自由栏目) writer, I had no prospects at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didn’t even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and felt like a genuine writer. After a year or so, however, I still hadn’t gotten a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story that I barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write, I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn’t going to be one of those people who die wondering: What if? I would keep putting my dream to the test even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is the shadowland of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there. Why did the author begin to doubt himself after the first year of his writing career?

A He wasn’t able to produce a single book. B He hadn’t seen aching for the better. C He wasn’t able to have a rest for a whole year. D He though that he lacked imagination.

题型: 单选题 提问时间: 2021-08-25

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8 .school Some children do not like school. So what else is new? But in Japan that familiar aversion has reached alarming proportions. About 50,000 unhappy youngsters a year （out of a total school-age population of 20 million）suffer what Japanese behavioral experts call school phobia. School phobia is distinguished from other common childhood and adolescent psychological and emotional disorders by the patient’s reaction to, and fear of, the idea of going to school. Typically, it begins with fever, sweating, headaches, and diarrhoea; it often progresses to complete physical inertia, depression, and even autism. A doctor on a house call found a thirteen-year-old Tokyo boy who had not been to school in more than a year. He lives in a darkened room receiving his food through a slot under the door and lashing out violently at his parents if they came too close. Once the boy was placed in a psychiatric ward for treatment, he again became an open, seemingly healthy youngster. When he was sent home, however, his symptoms returned, and he was never able to go back to school. School phobia can be cured, usually with tranquilizers and psychotherapy. Rehabilitation takes about two years. Yet victims who are put in clinics or mental wards often prefer to stay there. Their day is filled with activities like knitting, painting, music, free time, and sports. Nurses try to create a familiar environment in which the children can feel that they are taking a certain amount of responsibility for their lives and can find some sense of self-worth. The causes of school phobia are not precisely known. In a few severe cases brain disorders have been diagnosed. A more common factor may be the overprotective Japanese mother who, some psychiatrists say, leaves her children ill-prepared to face the real world. Many researchers point to the unrelenting pressures for success faced by both children and adults in Japan, where stress-related disorders of all sorts are common. In addition, the Japanese educational system is one of the world’s most rigid, suppressing a child’s individual creative and analytical development. Says Dr. Hitoshi Ishikawa, head of the department of psychosomatic medicine at Tokyo University, “the problem won’t be cured until Japanese society as a whole is cured of its deep-rooted social ills.” The word "unrelenting" in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.

A unreasoning B continuous C limitless D unpleasant

题型: 单选题 提问时间: 2021-08-25

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9 .writer Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that there’s a big difference between “being a writer’ and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of wealth and fame, not the long hour alone at a typewriter. “You’ve got to want to write,” I say to them, “not want to be a writer”. The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. When I left a 20-year career in the U.S. Coast Guard to become a freelance (自由栏目) writer, I had no prospects at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didn’t even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and felt like a genuine writer. After a year or so, however, I still hadn’t gotten a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story that I barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write, I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn’t going to be one of those people who die wondering: What if? I would keep putting my dream to the test even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is the shadowland of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there. “…people who die wondering: What if ?” (Line 4-5, Para-3) refers to “those ______”.

A who think too much of the dark side of life B who regret giving up their career halfway C who think a lot without making a decision D who are full of imagination even upon death

题型: 单选题 提问时间: 2021-08-25

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10 .school Some children do not like school. So what else is new? But in Japan that familiar aversion has reached alarming proportions. About 50,000 unhappy youngsters a year （out of a total school-age population of 20 million）suffer what Japanese behavioral experts call school phobia. School phobia is distinguished from other common childhood and adolescent psychological and emotional disorders by the patient’s reaction to, and fear of, the idea of going to school. Typically, it begins with fever, sweating, headaches, and diarrhoea; it often progresses to complete physical inertia, depression, and even autism. A doctor on a house call found a thirteen-year-old Tokyo boy who had not been to school in more than a year. He lives in a darkened room receiving his food through a slot under the door and lashing out violently at his parents if they came too close. Once the boy was placed in a psychiatric ward for treatment, he again became an open, seemingly healthy youngster. When he was sent home, however, his symptoms returned, and he was never able to go back to school. School phobia can be cured, usually with tranquilizers and psychotherapy. Rehabilitation takes about two years. Yet victims who are put in clinics or mental wards often prefer to stay there. Their day is filled with activities like knitting, painting, music, free time, and sports. Nurses try to create a familiar environment in which the children can feel that they are taking a certain amount of responsibility for their lives and can find some sense of self-worth. The causes of school phobia are not precisely known. In a few severe cases brain disorders have been diagnosed. A more common factor may be the overprotective Japanese mother who, some psychiatrists say, leaves her children ill-prepared to face the real world. Many researchers point to the unrelenting pressures for success faced by both children and adults in Japan, where stress-related disorders of all sorts are common. In addition, the Japanese educational system is one of the world’s most rigid, suppressing a child’s individual creative and analytical development. Says Dr. Hitoshi Ishikawa, head of the department of psychosomatic medicine at Tokyo University, “the problem won’t be cured until Japanese society as a whole is cured of its deep-rooted social ills.” According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

A School phobia, which is widespread in many countries, is no cause for alarm. B The problem of school phobia in Japan can not be solved unless it gets rid of its social evils. C Despite school phobia the Japanese educational system remains one of the best in the world. D Unrelenting pressures in th...

题型: 单选题 提问时间: 2021-08-25

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